The Relationship between Education and Insecurity in Nigeria: A Case Study of the North-East Region

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The North-East region of Nigeria, comprising six states (Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, Baung, Gombe, and Taraba), has been at the epicentre of the Boko Haram insurgency since 2009. The group’s ideology, which rejects Western-style education, has led to the destruction of schools, killing of teachers, and displacement of students. As a result, the region’s education sector has been severely impacted, exacerbating the existing challenges of poverty, illiteracy, and unemployment.

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This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis methods. A survey of 500 respondents, comprising students, teachers, and community leaders, was conducted in six states of the North-East region. In-depth interviews with 20 key informants, including education officials, security experts, and civil society organisations, were also conducted. Additionally, secondary data from relevant literature, reports, and policy documents were analysed.

The study revealed a significant relationship between education and insecurity in the north-east region of Nigeria. The findings show that low literacy levels, destruction of schools, fear and mistrust, and lack of access to education have all contributed to the spread of extremist ideologies and the recruitment of vulnerable individuals into terrorist groups.

The study also found that many communities in the North-East region lack access to quality education, particularly in rural areas. This has contributed to the spread of extremist ideologies and the recruitment of vulnerable individuals into terrorist groups. Furthermore, the study revealed that the Boko Haram insurgency has led to a decline in school enrolment, particularly among girls, and a breakdown in social cohesion.

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To address insecurity in the region, it is imperative that education is prioritised, with a focus on increasing access to quality education, promoting social cohesion, and addressing the root causes of extremism. The government should prioritise increasing access to quality education in the North-East region, particularly in rural areas. The government and civil society organisations should also promote social cohesion and community engagement, particularly among young people.

The government should address the root causes of extremism, including poverty, unemployment, and inequality. The government and international organisations should support education in emergencies, including the provision of temporary learning spaces and educational materials. By prioritising education and addressing the root causes of insecurity, Nigeria can reduce the spread of extremist ideologies and promote peace and stability in the North-East region.

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